Renal System

The Renal System module provides an in-depth understanding of renal anatomy, physiology, disease pathophysiology, pharmacological interventions, and UK clinical practice guidelines. Designed for pharmacy students and healthcare professionals, this module bridges foundational science with clinical application, helping you gain a complete picture of kidney function and the management of renal disorders.

The module begins with the fundamentals of renal structure, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and the RAAS pathway. It then dives into the pathophysiology of acute and chronic kidney diseases, glomerular disorders, nephrolithiasis, infections, and inherited conditions like polycystic kidney disease.

Therapeutic management is explored in detail, covering drug dosing in renal impairment, diuretics, anaemia treatment in CKD, bone and mineral disorder management, and antihypertensive therapy. We will also explore renal replacement therapies—including haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation—alongside diagnostic tools such as imaging, lab tests, and kidney biopsies.

This module also integrates UK-specific guidance from NICE and clinical best practices in both primary and secondary care, preparing students for real-world scenarios in renal pharmacy practice. Each section is reinforced with quizzes to assess understanding and support active recall.